Bonjour,
Mon serveur mail est enfin opérationnel, je peux récupérer mes mails dans /var/mail, c’ est super.
Maintenant je voudrais pouvoir les récupérer sur mon client mail. Et là je bataille, et je n’ y arrive pas.
J’ ai bien ouvert les ports 25 et 110 (je souhaite avoir un serveur pop) . Premier problème, les ports semblent bien ouverts sur le serveur :
[code]nmap 192.168.xxxxx
Starting Nmap 5.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-09-10 17:23 CEST
Interesting ports on 192.168.xxxxxx:
Not shown: 994 closed ports
PORT STATE SERVICE
25/tcp open smtp
110/tcp open pop3
[/code]
Mais pas sur ma Freebox (toujours avec nmap, bien que je les ai ouvert via ma console client Free) .
Pourtant :
telnet mx.forum-plugcomputer.net 110
Trying xxxxxxxxxx...
Connected to mx.forum-plugcomputer.net.
Escape character is '^]'.
+OK Dovecot ready.
Et :
telnet mx.forum-plugcomputer.net 25
Trying xxxxxxxxx...
Connected to mx.forum-plugcomputer.net.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 webmaster.forum-plugcomputer.net ESMTP Postfix (Debian/GNU)
Si je fais un nmap sur mon nom de domaine, les 2 ports en question sont bien ouverts… Je ne comprends pas.
Après, si je cherche à me connecter sur mon serveur via mon client, mon mot de passe est bien demandé, en revanche :
Le serveur de courrier smtp.forum-plugcomputer.net a répondu : Plaintext authentication disallowed on non-secure (SSL/TLS) connections.
Je me suis servi du wiki du site officiel pour parametrer Dovecot. A vrai dire je me perds dans les différents tutos que j’ ai trouvé, qui pour certains datent, et ne semble pas coller à ma configuration… Parfois j’ ai vu qu’ il fallait créer un compte par adresse mail sur Dovecot, parfois il ne fallait rien faire, d’ autres fois juste modifier quelques lignes qui étaient déjà comme ça dans ma configuration de base…
Il me faudrait un peu d’ aide.
Mon dovecot.conf donne :
[code] ## Dovecot configuration file
If you’re in a hurry, see http://wiki.dovecot.org/QuickConfiguration
“dovecot -n” command gives a clean output of the changed settings. Use it
instead of copy&pasting this file when posting to the Dovecot mailing list.
‘#’ character and everything after it is treated as comments. Extra spaces
and tabs are ignored. If you want to use either of these explicitly, put the
value inside quotes, eg.: key = "# char and trailing whitespace "
Default values are shown for each setting, it’s not required to uncomment
those. These are exceptions to this though: No sections (e.g. namespace {})
or plugin settings are added by default, they’re listed only as examples.
Paths are also just examples with the real defaults being based on configure
options. The paths listed here are for configure --prefix=/usr
–sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var --with-ssldir=/etc/ssl
Base directory where to store runtime data.
#base_dir = /var/run/dovecot
Protocols we want to be serving: imap imaps pop3 pop3s managesieve
If you only want to use dovecot-auth, you can set this to “none”.
#protocols = imap imaps
protocols = none
A space separated list of IP or host addresses where to listen in for
connections. “*” listens in all IPv4 interfaces. “[::]” listens in all IPv6
interfaces. Use “*, [::]” for listening both IPv4 and IPv6.
If you want to specify ports for each service, you will need to configure
these settings inside the protocol imap/pop3/managesieve { … } section,
so you can specify different ports for IMAP/POP3/MANAGESIEVE. For example:
protocol imap {
listen = *:10143
ssl_listen = *:10943
…
}
protocol pop3 {
listen = *:10100
…
}
protocol managesieve {
listen = *:12000
…
}
#listen = *
Disable LOGIN command and all other plaintext authentications unless
SSL/TLS is used (LOGINDISABLED capability). Note that if the remote IP
matches the local IP (ie. you’re connecting from the same computer), the
connection is considered secure and plaintext authentication is allowed.
#disable_plaintext_auth = yes
Should all IMAP and POP3 processes be killed when Dovecot master process
shuts down. Setting this to “no” means that Dovecot can be upgraded without
forcing existing client connections to close (although that could also be
a problem if the upgrade is eg. because of a security fix). This however
means that after master process has died, the client processes can’t write
to log files anymore.
#shutdown_clients = yes
Logging
Log file to use for error messages, instead of sending them to syslog.
/dev/stderr can be used to log into stderr.
#log_path =
Log file to use for informational and debug messages.
Default is the same as log_path.
#info_log_path =
Prefix for each line written to log file. % codes are in strftime(3)
format.
#log_timestamp = "%b %d %H:%M:%S "
log_timestamp = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S "
Syslog facility to use if you’re logging to syslog. Usually if you don’t
want to use “mail”, you’ll use local0…local7. Also other standard
facilities are supported.
#syslog_facility = mail
SSL settings
IP or host address where to listen in for SSL connections. Remember to also
add imaps and/or pop3s to protocols setting. Defaults to same as “listen”
setting if not specified.
#ssl_listen =
SSL/TLS support: yes, no, required. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/SSL.txt>
#ssl = yes
PEM encoded X.509 SSL/TLS certificate and private key. They’re opened before
dropping root privileges, so keep the key file unreadable by anyone but
root.
#ssl_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/dovecot.pem
#ssl_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pem
If key file is password protected, give the password here. Alternatively
give it when starting dovecot with -p parameter. Since this file is often
world-readable, you may want to place this setting instead to a different
root owned 0600 file by using !include_try .
#ssl_key_password =
File containing trusted SSL certificate authorities. Set this only if you
intend to use ssl_verify_client_cert=yes. The CAfile should contain the
CA-certificate(s) followed by the matching CRL(s).
#ssl_ca_file =
Request client to send a certificate. If you also want to require it, set
ssl_require_client_cert=yes in auth section.
#ssl_verify_client_cert = no
Which field from certificate to use for username. commonName and
x500UniqueIdentifier are the usual choices. You’ll also need to set
ssl_username_from_cert=yes.
#ssl_cert_username_field = commonName
How often to regenerate the SSL parameters file. Generation is quite CPU
intensive operation. The value is in hours, 0 disables regeneration
entirely.
#ssl_parameters_regenerate = 168
SSL ciphers to use
#ssl_cipher_list = ALL:!LOW:!SSLv2
Show protocol level SSL errors.
#verbose_ssl = no
Login processes
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/LoginProcess.txt>
Directory where authentication process places authentication UNIX sockets
which login needs to be able to connect to. The sockets are created when
running as root, so you don’t have to worry about permissions. Note that
everything in this directory is deleted when Dovecot is started.
#login_dir = /var/run/dovecot/login
chroot login process to the login_dir. Only reason not to do this is if you
wish to run the whole Dovecot without roots. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Rootless.txt>
#login_chroot = yes
User to use for the login process. Create a completely new user for this,
and don’t use it anywhere else. The user must also belong to a group where
only it has access, it’s used to control access for authentication process.
Note that this user is NOT used to access mails. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/UserIds.txt>
#login_user = dovecot
Set max. process size in megabytes. If you don’t use
login_process_per_connection you might need to grow this.
#login_process_size = 64
Should each login be processed in it’s own process (yes), or should one
login process be allowed to process multiple connections (no)? Yes is more
secure, espcially with SSL/TLS enabled. No is faster since there’s no need
to create processes all the time.
#login_process_per_connection = yes
Number of login processes to keep for listening new connections.
#login_processes_count = 3
Maximum number of login processes to create. The listening process count
usually stays at login_processes_count, but when multiple users start logging
in at the same time more extra processes are created. To prevent fork-bombing
we check only once in a second if new processes should be created - if all
of them are used at the time, we double their amount until the limit set by
this setting is reached.
#login_max_processes_count = 128
Maximum number of connections allowed per each login process. This setting
is used only if login_process_per_connection=no. Once the limit is reached,
the process notifies master so that it can create a new login process.
#login_max_connections = 256
Greeting message for clients.
#login_greeting = Dovecot ready.
Space separated list of trusted network ranges. Connections from these
IPs are allowed to override their IP addresses and ports (for logging and
for authentication checks). disable_plaintext_auth is also ignored for
these networks. Typically you’d specify your IMAP proxy servers here.
#login_trusted_networks =
Space-separated list of elements we want to log. The elements which have
a non-empty variable value are joined together to form a comma-separated
string.
#login_log_format_elements = user=<%u> method=%m rip=%r lip=%l %c
Login log format. %$ contains login_log_format_elements string, %s contains
the data we want to log.
#login_log_format = %$: %s
Mailbox locations and namespaces
Location for users’ mailboxes. This is the same as the old default_mail_env
setting. The default is empty, which means that Dovecot tries to find the
mailboxes automatically. This won’t work if the user doesn’t have any mail
yet, so you should explicitly tell Dovecot the full location.
If you’re using mbox, giving a path to the INBOX file (eg. /var/mail/%u)
isn’t enough. You’ll also need to tell Dovecot where the other mailboxes are
kept. This is called the “root mail directory”, and it must be the first
path given in the mail_location setting.
There are a few special variables you can use, eg.:
%u - username
%n - user part in user@domain, same as %u if there’s no domain
%d - domain part in user@domain, empty if there’s no domain
%h - home directory
See </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Variables.txt> for full list.
Some examples:
mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
mail_location = mbox:/var/mail/%d/%1n/%n:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%1n/%n
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/MailLocation.txt>
#mail_location =
If you need to set multiple mailbox locations or want to change default
namespace settings, you can do it by defining namespace sections.
You can have private, shared and public namespaces. Private namespaces
are for user’s personal mails. Shared namespaces are for accessing other
users’ mailboxes that have been shared. Public namespaces are for shared
mailboxes that are managed by sysadmin. If you create any shared or public
namespaces you’ll typically want to enable ACL plugin also, otherwise all
users can access all the shared mailboxes, assuming they have permissions
on filesystem level to do so.
REMEMBER: If you add any namespaces, the default namespace must be added
explicitly, ie. mail_location does nothing unless you have a namespace
without a location setting. Default namespace is simply done by having a
namespace with empty prefix.
#namespace private {
Hierarchy separator to use. You should use the same separator for all
namespaces or some clients get confused. ‘/’ is usually a good one.
The default however depends on the underlying mail storage format.
#separator =
Prefix required to access this namespace. This needs to be different for
all namespaces. For example “Public/”.
#prefix =
Physical location of the mailbox. This is in same format as
mail_location, which is also the default for it.
#location =
There can be only one INBOX, and this setting defines which namespace
has it.
#inbox = no
If namespace is hidden, it’s not advertised to clients via NAMESPACE
extension. You’ll most likely also want to set list=no. This is mostly
useful when converting from another server with different namespaces which
you want to deprecate but still keep working. For example you can create
hidden namespaces with prefixes “~/mail/”, “~%u/mail/” and “mail/”.
#hidden = yes
Show the mailboxes under this namespace with LIST command. This makes the
namespace visible for clients that don’t support NAMESPACE extension.
“children” value lists child mailboxes, but hides the namespace prefix.
#list = yes
Namespace handles its own subscriptions. If set to “no”, the parent
namespace handles them (empty prefix should always have this as “yes”)
#subscriptions = yes
#}
Example shared namespace configuration
#namespace shared {
#separator = /
Mailboxes are visible under “shared/user@domain/”
%%n, %%d and %%u are expanded to the destination user.
#prefix = shared/%%u/
Mail location for other users’ mailboxes. Note that %variables and ~/
expands to the logged in user’s data. %%n, %%d, %%u and %%h expand to the
destination user’s data.
#location = maildir:%%h/Maildir:INDEX=~/Maildir/shared/%%u
Use the default namespace for saving subscriptions.
#subscriptions = no
List the shared/ namespace only if there are visible shared mailboxes.
#list = children
#}
System user and group used to access mails. If you use multiple, userdb
can override these by returning uid or gid fields. You can use either numbers
or names. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/UserIds.txt>
#mail_uid =
#mail_gid =
Group to enable temporarily for privileged operations. Currently this is
used only with INBOX when either its initial creation or dotlocking fails.
Typically this is set to “mail” to give access to /var/mail.
#mail_privileged_group =
mail_privileged_group = mail
Grant access to these supplementary groups for mail processes. Typically
these are used to set up access to shared mailboxes. Note that it may be
dangerous to set these if users can create symlinks (e.g. if “mail” group is
set here, ln -s /var/mail ~/mail/var could allow a user to delete others’
mailboxes, or ln -s /secret/shared/box ~/mail/mybox would allow reading it).
#mail_access_groups =
Allow full filesystem access to clients. There’s no access checks other than
what the operating system does for the active UID/GID. It works with both
maildir and mboxes, allowing you to prefix mailboxes names with eg. /path/
or ~user/.
#mail_full_filesystem_access = no
Mail processes
Enable mail process debugging. This can help you figure out why Dovecot
isn’t finding your mails.
#mail_debug = no
Log prefix for mail processes. See </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Variables.txt>
for list of possible variables you can use.
#mail_log_prefix = "%Us(%u): "
Max. number of lines a mail process is allowed to log per second before it’s
throttled. 0 means unlimited. Typically there’s no need to change this
unless you’re using mail_log plugin, which may log a lot. This setting is
ignored while mail_debug=yes to avoid pointless throttling.
#mail_log_max_lines_per_sec = 10
Don’t use mmap() at all. This is required if you store indexes to shared
filesystems (NFS or clustered filesystem).
#mmap_disable = no
Rely on O_EXCL to work when creating dotlock files. NFS supports O_EXCL
since version 3, so this should be safe to use nowadays by default.
#dotlock_use_excl = yes
Don’t use fsync() or fdatasync() calls. This makes the performance better
at the cost of potential data loss if the server (or the file server)
goes down.
#fsync_disable = no
Mail storage exists in NFS. Set this to yes to make Dovecot flush NFS caches
whenever needed. If you’re using only a single mail server this isn’t needed.
#mail_nfs_storage = no
Mail index files also exist in NFS. Setting this to yes requires
mmap_disable=yes and fsync_disable=no.
#mail_nfs_index = no
Locking method for index files. Alternatives are fcntl, flock and dotlock.
Dotlocking uses some tricks which may create more disk I/O than other locking
methods. NFS users: flock doesn’t work, remember to change mmap_disable.
#lock_method = fcntl
Drop all privileges before exec()ing the mail process. This is mostly
meant for debugging, otherwise you don’t get core dumps. It could be a small
security risk if you use single UID for multiple users, as the users could
ptrace() each others processes then.
#mail_drop_priv_before_exec = no
Show more verbose process titles (in ps). Currently shows user name and
IP address. Useful for seeing who are actually using the IMAP processes
(eg. shared mailboxes or if same uid is used for multiple accounts).
#verbose_proctitle = no
Valid UID range for users, defaults to 500 and above. This is mostly
to make sure that users can’t log in as daemons or other system users.
Note that denying root logins is hardcoded to dovecot binary and can’t
be done even if first_valid_uid is set to 0.
#first_valid_uid = 500
#last_valid_uid = 0
Valid GID range for users, defaults to non-root/wheel. Users having
non-valid GID as primary group ID aren’t allowed to log in. If user
belongs to supplementary groups with non-valid GIDs, those groups are
not set.
#first_valid_gid = 1
#last_valid_gid = 0
Maximum number of running mail processes. When this limit is reached,
new users aren’t allowed to log in.
#max_mail_processes = 512
Set max. process size in megabytes. Most of the memory goes to mmap()ing
files, so it shouldn’t harm much even if this limit is set pretty high.
#mail_process_size = 256
Maximum allowed length for mail keyword name. It’s only forced when trying
to create new keywords.
#mail_max_keyword_length = 50
‘:’ separated list of directories under which chrooting is allowed for mail
processes (ie. /var/mail will allow chrooting to /var/mail/foo/bar too).
This setting doesn’t affect login_chroot, mail_chroot or auth chroot
settings. If this setting is empty, “/./” in home dirs are ignored.
WARNING: Never add directories here which local users can modify, that
may lead to root exploit. Usually this should be done only if you don’t
allow shell access for users. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#valid_chroot_dirs =
Default chroot directory for mail processes. This can be overridden for
specific users in user database by giving /./ in user’s home directory
(eg. /home/./user chroots into /home). Note that usually there is no real
need to do chrooting, Dovecot doesn’t allow users to access files outside
their mail directory anyway. If your home directories are prefixed with
the chroot directory, append “/.” to mail_chroot. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#mail_chroot =
Mailbox handling optimizations
The minimum number of mails in a mailbox before updates are done to cache
file. This allows optimizing Dovecot’s behavior to do less disk writes at
the cost of more disk reads.
#mail_cache_min_mail_count = 0
When IDLE command is running, mailbox is checked once in a while to see if
there are any new mails or other changes. This setting defines the minimum
time in seconds to wait between those checks. Dovecot can also use dnotify,
inotify and kqueue to find out immediately when changes occur.
#mailbox_idle_check_interval = 30
Save mails with CR+LF instead of plain LF. This makes sending those mails
take less CPU, especially with sendfile() syscall with Linux and FreeBSD.
But it also creates a bit more disk I/O which may just make it slower.
Also note that if other software reads the mboxes/maildirs, they may handle
the extra CRs wrong and cause problems.
#mail_save_crlf = no
Maildir-specific settings
By default LIST command returns all entries in maildir beginning with a dot.
Enabling this option makes Dovecot return only entries which are directories.
This is done by stat()ing each entry, so it causes more disk I/O.
(For systems setting struct dirent->d_type, this check is free and it’s
done always regardless of this setting)
#maildir_stat_dirs = no
When copying a message, do it with hard links whenever possible. This makes
the performance much better, and it’s unlikely to have any side effects.
#maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes
When copying a message, try to preserve the base filename. Only if the
destination mailbox already contains the same name (ie. the mail is being
copied there twice), a new name is given. The destination filename check is
done only by looking at dovecot-uidlist file, so if something outside
Dovecot does similar filename preserving copies, you may run into problems.
NOTE: This setting requires maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes to work.
#maildir_copy_preserve_filename = no
Assume Dovecot is the only MUA accessing Maildir: Scan cur/ directory only
when its mtime changes unexpectedly or when we can’t find the mail otherwise.
#maildir_very_dirty_syncs = no
mbox-specific settings
Which locking methods to use for locking mbox. There are four available:
dotlock: Create .lock file. This is the oldest and most NFS-safe
solution. If you want to use /var/mail/ like directory, the users
will need write access to that directory.
dotlock_try: Same as dotlock, but if it fails because of permissions or
because there isn’t enough disk space, just skip it.
fcntl : Use this if possible. Works with NFS too if lockd is used.
flock : May not exist in all systems. Doesn’t work with NFS.
lockf : May not exist in all systems. Doesn’t work with NFS.
You can use multiple locking methods; if you do the order they’re declared
in is important to avoid deadlocks if other MTAs/MUAs are using multiple
locking methods as well. Some operating systems don’t allow using some of
them simultaneously.
The Debian value for mbox_write_locks differs from upstream Dovecot. It is
changed to be compliant with Debian Policy (section 11.6) for NFS safety.
Dovecot: mbox_write_locks = dotlock fcntl
Debian: mbox_write_locks = fcntl dotlock
#mbox_read_locks = fcntl
#mbox_write_locks = fcntl dotlock
Maximum time in seconds to wait for lock (all of them) before aborting.
#mbox_lock_timeout = 300
If dotlock exists but the mailbox isn’t modified in any way, override the
lock file after this many seconds.
#mbox_dotlock_change_timeout = 120
When mbox changes unexpectedly we have to fully read it to find out what
changed. If the mbox is large this can take a long time. Since the change
is usually just a newly appended mail, it’d be faster to simply read the
new mails. If this setting is enabled, Dovecot does this but still safely
fallbacks to re-reading the whole mbox file whenever something in mbox isn’t
how it’s expected to be. The only real downside to this setting is that if
some other MUA changes message flags, Dovecot doesn’t notice it immediately.
Note that a full sync is done with SELECT, EXAMINE, EXPUNGE and CHECK
commands.
#mbox_dirty_syncs = yes
Like mbox_dirty_syncs, but don’t do full syncs even with SELECT, EXAMINE,
EXPUNGE or CHECK commands. If this is set, mbox_dirty_syncs is ignored.
#mbox_very_dirty_syncs = no
Delay writing mbox headers until doing a full write sync (EXPUNGE and CHECK
commands and when closing the mailbox). This is especially useful for POP3
where clients often delete all mails. The downside is that our changes
aren’t immediately visible to other MUAs.
#mbox_lazy_writes = yes
If mbox size is smaller than this (in kilobytes), don’t write index files.
If an index file already exists it’s still read, just not updated.
#mbox_min_index_size = 0
dbox-specific settings
Maximum dbox file size in kilobytes until it’s rotated.
#dbox_rotate_size = 2048
Minimum dbox file size in kilobytes before it’s rotated
(overrides dbox_rotate_days)
#dbox_rotate_min_size = 16
Maximum dbox file age in days until it’s rotated. Day always begins from
midnight, so 1 = today, 2 = yesterday, etc. 0 = check disabled.
#dbox_rotate_days = 0
IMAP specific settings
protocol imap {
Login executable location.
#login_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/imap-login
IMAP executable location. Changing this allows you to execute other
binaries before the imap process is executed.
This would write rawlogs into user’s ~/dovecot.rawlog/, if it exists:
mail_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/rawlog /usr/lib/dovecot/imap
</usr/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Debugging.Rawlog.txt>
This would attach gdb into the imap process and write backtraces into
/tmp/gdbhelper.* files:
mail_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/gdbhelper /usr/lib/dovecot/imap
#mail_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/imap
Maximum IMAP command line length in bytes. Some clients generate very long
command lines with huge mailboxes, so you may need to raise this if you get
“Too long argument” or “IMAP command line too large” errors often.
#imap_max_line_length = 65536
Maximum number of IMAP connections allowed for a user from each IP address.
NOTE: The username is compared case-sensitively.
#mail_max_userip_connections = 10
Support for dynamically loadable plugins. mail_plugins is a space separated
list of plugins to load.
#mail_plugins =
#mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/imap
IMAP logout format string:
%i - total number of bytes read from client
%o - total number of bytes sent to client
#imap_logout_format = bytes=%i/%o
Override the IMAP CAPABILITY response.
#imap_capability =
How many seconds to wait between “OK Still here” notifications when
client is IDLEing.
#imap_idle_notify_interval = 120
ID field names and values to send to clients. Using * as the value makes
Dovecot use the default value. The following fields have default values
currently: name, version, os, os-version, support-url, support-email.
#imap_id_send =
ID fields sent by client to log. * means everything.
#imap_id_log =
Workarounds for various client bugs:
delay-newmail:
Send EXISTS/RECENT new mail notifications only when replying to NOOP
and CHECK commands. Some clients ignore them otherwise, for example OSX
Mail (<v2.1). Outlook Express breaks more badly though, without this it
may show user “Message no longer in server” errors. Note that OE6 still
breaks even with this workaround if synchronization is set to
“Headers Only”.
netscape-eoh:
Netscape 4.x breaks if message headers don’t end with the empty "end of
headers" line. Normally all messages have this, but setting this
workaround makes sure that Netscape never breaks by adding the line if
it doesn’t exist. This is done only for FETCH BODY[HEADER.FIELDS…]
commands. Note that RFC says this shouldn’t be done.
tb-extra-mailbox-sep:
With mbox storage a mailbox can contain either mails or submailboxes,
but not both. Thunderbird separates these two by forcing server to
accept ‘/’ suffix in mailbox names in subscriptions list.
The list is space-separated.
#imap_client_workarounds =
}
POP3 specific settings
protocol pop3 {
Login executable location.
#login_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/pop3-login
POP3 executable location. See IMAP’s mail_executable above for examples
how this could be changed.
#mail_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/pop3
Don’t try to set mails non-recent or seen with POP3 sessions. This is
mostly intended to reduce disk I/O. With maildir it doesn’t move files
from new/ to cur/, with mbox it doesn’t write Status-header.
#pop3_no_flag_updates = no
Support LAST command which exists in old POP3 specs, but has been removed
from new ones. Some clients still wish to use this though. Enabling this
makes RSET command clear all \Seen flags from messages.
#pop3_enable_last = no
If mail has X-UIDL header, use it as the mail’s UIDL.
#pop3_reuse_xuidl = no
Keep the mailbox locked for the entire POP3 session.
#pop3_lock_session = no
POP3 UIDL (unique mail identifier) format to use. You can use following
variables, along with the variable modifiers described in
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Variables.txt> (e.g. %Uf for the
filename in uppercase)
%v - Mailbox’s IMAP UIDVALIDITY
%u - Mail’s IMAP UID
%m - MD5 sum of the mailbox headers in hex (mbox only)
%f - filename (maildir only)
If you want UIDL compatibility with other POP3 servers, use:
UW’s ipop3d : %08Xv%08Xu
Courier : %f or %v-%u (both might be used simultaneosly)
Cyrus (<= 2.1.3) : %u
Cyrus (>= 2.1.4) : %v.%u
Dovecot v0.99.x : %v.%u
tpop3d : %Mf
Note that Outlook 2003 seems to have problems with %v.%u format which was
Dovecot’s default, so if you’re building a new server it would be a good
idea to change this. %08Xu%08Xv should be pretty fail-safe.
pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv
Permanently save UIDLs sent to POP3 clients, so pop3_uidl_format changes
won’t change those UIDLs. Currently this works only with Maildir.
#pop3_save_uidl = no
POP3 logout format string:
%i - total number of bytes read from client
%o - total number of bytes sent to client
%t - number of TOP commands
%p - number of bytes sent to client as a result of TOP command
%r - number of RETR commands
%b - number of bytes sent to client as a result of RETR command
%d - number of deleted messages
%m - number of messages (before deletion)
%s - mailbox size in bytes (before deletion)
#pop3_logout_format = top=%t/%p, retr=%r/%b, del=%d/%m, size=%s
Maximum number of POP3 connections allowed for a user from each IP address.
NOTE: The username is compared case-sensitively.
#mail_max_userip_connections = 3
Support for dynamically loadable plugins. mail_plugins is a space separated
list of plugins to load.
#mail_plugins =
#mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/pop3
Workarounds for various client bugs:
outlook-no-nuls:
Outlook and Outlook Express hang if mails contain NUL characters.
This setting replaces them with 0x80 character.
oe-ns-eoh:
Outlook Express and Netscape Mail breaks if end of headers-line is
missing. This option simply sends it if it’s missing.
The list is space-separated.
#pop3_client_workarounds =
}
ManageSieve specific settings
protocol managesieve {
Login executable location.
#login_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/managesieve-login
ManageSieve executable location. See IMAP’s mail_executable above for
examples how this could be changed.
#mail_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/managesieve
Maximum ManageSieve command line length in bytes. This setting is
directly borrowed from IMAP. But, since long command lines are very
unlikely with ManageSieve, changing this will not be very useful.
#managesieve_max_line_length = 65536
ManageSieve logout format string:
%i - total number of bytes read from client
%o - total number of bytes sent to client
#managesieve_logout_format = bytes=%i/%o
If, for some inobvious reason, the sieve_storage remains unset, the
ManageSieve daemon uses the specification of the mail_location to find out
where to store the sieve files (see explaination in README.managesieve).
The example below, when uncommented, overrides any global mail_location
specification and stores all the scripts in ‘~/mail/sieve’ if sieve_storage
is unset. However, you should always use the sieve_storage setting.
mail_location = mbox:~/mail
To fool ManageSieve clients that are focused on timesieved you can
specify the IMPLEMENTATION capability that the dovecot reports to clients
(default: “dovecot”).
#managesieve_implementation_string = Cyrus timsieved v2.2.13
}
LDA specific settings
#protocol lda {
Address to use when sending rejection mails (e.g. postmaster@example.com).
#postmaster_address =
Hostname to use in various parts of sent mails, eg. in Message-Id.
Default is the system’s real hostname.
#hostname =
Support for dynamically loadable plugins. mail_plugins is a space separated
list of plugins to load.
#mail_plugins =
#mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/lda
If user is over quota, return with temporary failure instead of
bouncing the mail.
#quota_full_tempfail = no
Format to use for logging mail deliveries. You can use variables:
%$ - Delivery status message (e.g. “saved to INBOX”)
%m - Message-ID
%s - Subject
%f - From address
#deliver_log_format = msgid=%m: %$
Binary to use for sending mails.
#sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail
Subject: header to use for rejection mails. You can use the same variables
as for rejection_reason below.
#rejection_subject = Rejected: %s
Human readable error message for rejection mails. You can use variables:
%n = CRLF, %r = reason, %s = original subject, %t = recipient
#rejection_reason = Your message to <%t> was automatically rejected:%n%r
UNIX socket path to master authentication server to find users.
#auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master
#}
Authentication processes
Executable location
#auth_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/dovecot-auth
Set max. process size in megabytes.
#auth_process_size = 256
Authentication cache size in kilobytes. 0 means it’s disabled.
Note that bsdauth, PAM and vpopmail require cache_key to be set for caching
to be used.
#auth_cache_size = 0
Time to live in seconds for cached data. After this many seconds the cached
record is no longer used, except if the main database lookup returns
internal failure. We also try to handle password changes automatically: If
user’s previous authentication was successful, but this one wasn’t, the
cache isn’t used. For now this works only with plaintext authentication.
#auth_cache_ttl = 3600
TTL for negative hits (user not found, password mismatch).
0 disables caching them completely.
#auth_cache_negative_ttl = 3600
Space separated list of realms for SASL authentication mechanisms that need
them. You can leave it empty if you don’t want to support multiple realms.
Many clients simply use the first one listed here, so keep the default realm
first.
#auth_realms =
Default realm/domain to use if none was specified. This is used for both
SASL realms and appending @domain to username in plaintext logins.
#auth_default_realm =
List of allowed characters in username. If the user-given username contains
a character not listed in here, the login automatically fails. This is just
an extra check to make sure user can’t exploit any potential quote escaping
vulnerabilities with SQL/LDAP databases. If you want to allow all characters,
set this value to empty.
#auth_username_chars = abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ01234567890.-_@
Username character translations before it’s looked up from databases. The
value contains series of from -> to characters. For example “#@/@” means
that ‘#’ and ‘/’ characters are translated to ‘@’.
#auth_username_translation =
Username formatting before it’s looked up from databases. You can use
the standard variables here, eg. %Lu would lowercase the username, %n would
drop away the domain if it was given, or “%n-AT-%d” would change the ‘@’ into
“-AT-”. This translation is done after auth_username_translation changes.
#auth_username_format =
If you want to allow master users to log in by specifying the master
username within the normal username string (ie. not using SASL mechanism’s
support for it), you can specify the separator character here. The format
is then . UW-IMAP uses “*” as the
separator, so that could be a good choice.
#auth_master_user_separator =
Username to use for users logging in with ANONYMOUS SASL mechanism
#auth_anonymous_username = anonymous
Log unsuccessful authentication attempts and the reasons why they failed.
#auth_verbose = no
Even more verbose logging for debugging purposes. Shows for example SQL
queries.
#auth_debug = no
In case of password mismatches, log the passwords and used scheme so the
problem can be debugged. Enabling this also enables auth_debug.
#auth_debug_passwords = no
Maximum number of dovecot-auth worker processes. They’re used to execute
blocking passdb and userdb queries (eg. MySQL and PAM). They’re
automatically created and destroyed as needed.
#auth_worker_max_count = 30
Host name to use in GSSAPI principal names. The default is to use the
name returned by gethostname(). Use “$ALL” to allow all keytab entries.
#auth_gssapi_hostname =
Kerberos keytab to use for the GSSAPI mechanism. Will use the system
default (usually /etc/krb5.keytab) if not specified.
#auth_krb5_keytab =
Do NTLM and GSS-SPNEGO authentication using Samba’s winbind daemon and
ntlm_auth helper.
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Authentication.Mechanisms.Winbind.txt>
#auth_use_winbind = no
Path for Samba’s ntlm_auth helper binary.
#auth_winbind_helper_path = /usr/bin/ntlm_auth
Number of seconds to delay before replying to failed authentications.
#auth_failure_delay = 2
auth default {
Space separated list of wanted authentication mechanisms:
plain login digest-md5 cram-md5 ntlm rpa apop anonymous gssapi otp skey
gss-spnego
NOTE: See also disable_plaintext_auth setting.
mechanisms = plain
Password database is used to verify user’s password (and nothing more).
You can have multiple passdbs and userdbs. This is useful if you want to
allow both system users (/etc/passwd) and virtual users to login without
duplicating the system users into virtual database.
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/PasswordDatabase.txt>
By adding master=yes setting inside a passdb you make the passdb a list
of “master users”, who can log in as anyone else. Unless you’re using PAM,
you probably still want the destination user to be looked up from passdb
that it really exists. This can be done by adding pass=yes setting to the
master passdb. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Authentication.MasterUsers.txt>
Users can be temporarily disabled by adding a passdb with deny=yes.
If the user is found from that database, authentication will fail.
The deny passdb should always be specified before others, so it gets
checked first. Here’s an example:
#passdb passwd-file {
# File contains a list of usernames, one per line
#args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot.deny
#deny = yes
#}
PAM authentication. Preferred nowadays by most systems.
Note that PAM can only be used to verify if user’s password is correct,
so it can’t be used as userdb. If you don’t want to use a separate user
database (passwd usually), you can use static userdb.
REMEMBER: You’ll need /etc/pam.d/dovecot file created for PAM
authentication to actually work. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/PasswordDatabase.PAM.txt>
passdb pam {
# [session=yes] [setcred=yes] [failure_show_msg=yes] [max_requests=]
# [cache_key=] []
#
# session=yes makes Dovecot open and immediately close PAM session. Some
# PAM plugins need this to work, such as pam_mkhomedir.
#
# setcred=yes makes Dovecot establish PAM credentials if some PAM plugins
# need that. They aren’t ever deleted though, so this isn’t enabled by
# default.
#
# max_requests specifies how many PAM lookups to do in one process before
# recreating the process. The default is 100, because many PAM plugins
# leak memory.
#
# cache_key can be used to enable authentication caching for PAM
# (auth_cache_size also needs to be set). It isn’t enabled by default
# because PAM modules can do all kinds of checks besides checking password,
# such as checking IP address. Dovecot can’t know about these checks
# without some help. cache_key is simply a list of variables (see
# /usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Variables.txt) which must match
# for the cached data to be used.
# Here are some examples:
# %u - Username must match. Probably sufficient for most uses.
# %u%r - Username and remote IP address must match.
# %u%s - Username and service (ie. IMAP, POP3) must match.
#
# The service name can contain variables, for example %Ls expands to
# pop3 or imap.
#
# Some examples:
# args = session=yes %Ls
# args = cache_key=%u dovecot
#args = dovecot
}
System users (NSS, /etc/passwd, or similiar)
In many systems nowadays this uses Name Service Switch, which is
configured in /etc/nsswitch.conf. </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.Passwd.txt>
#passdb passwd {
# [blocking=yes] - See userdb passwd for explanation
#args =
#}
Shadow passwords for system users (NSS, /etc/shadow or similiar).
Deprecated by PAM nowadays.
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/PasswordDatabase.Shadow.txt>
#passdb shadow {
# [blocking=yes] - See userdb passwd for explanation
#args =
#}
PAM-like authentication for OpenBSD.
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/PasswordDatabase.BSDAuth.txt>
#passdb bsdauth {
# [cache_key=] - See cache_key in PAM for explanation.
#args =
#}
passwd-like file with specified location
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.PasswdFile.txt>
#passdb passwd-file {
# [scheme=] [username_format=]
#
#args =
#}
checkpassword executable authentication
NOTE: You will probably want to use “userdb prefetch” with this.
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.CheckPassword.txt>
#passdb checkpassword {
# Path for checkpassword binary
#args =
#}
SQL database </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.SQL.txt>
#passdb sql {
# Path for SQL configuration file
#args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf
#}
LDAP database </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.LDAP.txt>
#passdb ldap {
# Path for LDAP configuration file
#args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-ldap.conf
#}
vpopmail authentication </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.VPopMail.txt>
#passdb vpopmail {
# [cache_key=] - See cache_key in PAM for explanation.
# [quota_template=] - %q expands to Maildir++ quota
# (eg. quota_template=quota_rule=*:backend=%q)
#args =
#}
User database specifies where mails are located and what user/group IDs
own them. For single-UID configuration use “static”.
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/UserDatabase.txt>
“prefetch” user database means that the passdb already provided the
needed information and there’s no need to do a separate userdb lookup.
This can be made to work with SQL and LDAP databases, see their example
configuration files for more information how to do it.
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/UserDatabase.Prefetch.txt>
#userdb prefetch {
#}
System users (NSS, /etc/passwd, or similiar). In many systems nowadays this
uses Name Service Switch, which is configured in /etc/nsswitch.conf.
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.Passwd.txt>
userdb passwd {
# [blocking=yes] - By default the lookups are done in the main dovecot-auth
# process. This setting causes the lookups to be done in auth worker
# proceses. Useful with remote NSS lookups that may block.
# NOTE: Be sure to use this setting with nss_ldap or users might get
# logged in as each others!
#args =
}
passwd-like file with specified location
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.PasswdFile.txt>
#userdb passwd-file {
# [username_format=]
#args =
#}
checkpassword executable user database lookup
</usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.CheckPassword.txt>
#userdb checkpassword {
# Path for checkpassword binary
#args =
#}
static settings generated from template </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/UserDatabase.Static.txt>
#userdb static {
# Template for the fields. Can return anything a userdb could normally
# return. For example:
#
# args = uid=500 gid=500 home=/var/mail/%u
#
# If you use deliver, it needs to look up users only from the userdb. This
# of course doesn’t work with static because there is no list of users.
# Normally static userdb handles this by doing a passdb lookup. This works
# with most passdbs, with PAM being the most notable exception. If you do
# the user verification another way, you can add allow_all_users=yes to
# the args in which case the passdb lookup is skipped.
#
#args =
#}
SQL database </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.SQL.txt>
#userdb sql {
# Path for SQL configuration file
#args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf
#}
LDAP database </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.LDAP.txt>
#userdb ldap {
# Path for LDAP configuration file
#args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-ldap.conf
#}
vpopmail </usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/AuthDatabase.VPopMail.txt>
#userdb vpopmail {
#}
User to use for the process. This user needs access to only user and
password databases, nothing else. Only shadow and pam authentication
requires roots, so use something else if possible. Note that passwd
authentication with BSDs internally accesses shadow files, which also
requires roots. Note that this user is NOT used to access mails.
That user is specified by userdb above.
user = root
Directory where to chroot the process. Most authentication backends don’t
work if this is set, and there’s no point chrooting if auth_user is root.
Note that valid_chroot_dirs isn’t needed to use this setting.
#chroot =
Number of authentication processes to create
#count = 1
Require a valid SSL client certificate or the authentication fails.
#ssl_require_client_cert = no
Take the username from client’s SSL certificate, using
X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID() which returns the subject’s DN’s
CommonName.
#ssl_username_from_cert = no
It’s possible to export the authentication interface to other programs:
#socket listen {
#master {
# Master socket provides access to userdb information. It’s typically
# used to give Dovecot’s local delivery agent access to userdb so it
# can find mailbox locations.
#path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master
#mode = 0600
# Default user/group is the one who started dovecot-auth (root)
#user =
#group =
#}
#client {
# The client socket is generally safe to export to everyone. Typical use
# is to export it to your SMTP server so it can do SMTP AUTH lookups
# using it.
#path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client
#mode = 0660
#}
#}
}
If you wish to use another authentication server than dovecot-auth, you can
use connect sockets. They are assumed to be already running, Dovecot’s master
process only tries to connect to them. They don’t need any other settings
than the path for the master socket, as the configuration is done elsewhere.
Note that the client sockets must exist in the login_dir.
#auth external {
socket connect {
master {
path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master
}
}
#}
Dictionary server settings
Dictionary can be used by some plugins to store key=value lists, such as
quota, expire and acl plugins. The dictionary can be used either directly or
though a dictionary server. The following dict block maps dictionary names to
URIs when the server is used. These can then be referenced using URIs in
format “proxy::”.
dict {
#quota = mysql:/etc/dovecot/dovecot-dict-quota.conf
#expire = db:/var/lib/dovecot/expire.db
}
Path to Berkeley DB’s configuration file. See doc/dovecot-db-example.conf
#dict_db_config =
Plugin settings
plugin {
Here you can give some extra environment variables to mail processes.
This is mostly meant for passing parameters to plugins. %variable
expansion is done for all values.
Quota plugin. Multiple backends are supported:
dirsize: Find and sum all the files found from mail directory.
Extremely SLOW with Maildir. It’ll eat your CPU and disk I/O.
dict: Keep quota stored in dictionary (eg. SQL)
maildir: Maildir++ quota
fs: Read-only support for filesystem quota
Quota limits are set using “quota_rule” parameters, either in here or in
userdb. It’s also possible to give mailbox-specific limits, for example:
quota_rule = *:storage=1048576
quota_rule2 = Trash:storage=102400
User has now 1GB quota, but when saving to Trash mailbox the user gets
additional 100MB.
Multiple quota roots are also possible, for example:
quota = dict:user::proxy::quota
quota2 = dict:domain:%d:proxy::quota_domain
quota_rule = *:storage=102400
quota2_rule = *:storage=1048576
Gives each user their own 100MB quota and one shared 1GB quota within
the domain.
You can execute a given command when user exceeds a specified quota limit.
Each quota root has separate limits. Only the command for the first
exceeded limit is excecuted, so put the highest limit first.
Note that % needs to be escaped as %%, otherwise "% " expands to empty.
quota_warning = storage=95%% /usr/local/bin/quota-warning.sh 95
quota_warning2 = storage=80%% /usr/local/bin/quota-warning.sh 80
#quota = maildir
ACL plugin. vfile backend reads ACLs from “dovecot-acl” file from maildir
directory. You can also optionally give a global ACL directory path where
ACLs are applied to all users’ mailboxes. The global ACL directory contains
one file for each mailbox, eg. INBOX or sub.mailbox. cache_secs parameter
specifies how many seconds to wait between stat()ing dovecot-acl file
to see if it changed.
#acl = vfile:/etc/dovecot/dovecot-acls:cache_secs=300
To let users LIST mailboxes shared by other users, Dovecot needs a
shared mailbox dictionary. For example:
#acl_shared_dict = file:/var/lib/dovecot/shared-mailboxes
Convert plugin. If set, specifies the source storage path which is
converted to destination storage (mail_location) when the user logs in.
The existing mail directory is renamed to -converted.
#convert_mail = mbox:%h/mail
Skip mailboxes which we can’t open successfully instead of aborting.
#convert_skip_broken_mailboxes = no
Skip directories beginning with ‘.’
#convert_skip_dotdirs = no
If source storage has mailbox names with destination storage’s hierarchy
separators, replace them with this character.
#convert_alt_hierarchy_char = _
Trash plugin. When saving a message would make user go over quota, this
plugin automatically deletes the oldest mails from configured mailboxes
until the message can be saved within quota limits. The configuration file
is a text file where each line is in format:
Mails are first deleted in lowest -> highest priority number order
#trash = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-trash.conf
Expire plugin. Mails are expunged from mailboxes after being there the
configurable time. The first expiration date for each mailbox is stored in
a dictionary so it can be quickly determined which mailboxes contain
expired mails. The actual expunging is done in a nightly cronjob, which
you must set up:
dovecot --exec-mail ext /usr/lib/dovecot/expire-tool.sh
#expire = Trash 7 Spam 30
#expire_dict = proxy::expire
Lazy expunge plugin. Currently works only with maildirs. When a user
expunges mails, the mails are moved to a mailbox in another namespace
(1st). When a mailbox is deleted, the mailbox is moved to another namespace
(2nd) as well. Also if the deleted mailbox had any expunged messages,
they’re moved to a 3rd namespace. The mails won’t be counted in quota,
and they’re not deleted automatically (use a cronjob or something).
#lazy_expunge = .EXPUNGED/ .DELETED/ .DELETED/.EXPUNGED/
Events to log. Also available: flag_change append
#mail_log_events = delete undelete expunge copy mailbox_delete mailbox_rename
Group events within a transaction to one line.
#mail_log_group_events = no
Available fields: uid, box, msgid, from, subject, size, vsize, flags
size and vsize are available only for expunge and copy events.
#mail_log_fields = uid box msgid size
Sieve plugin (http://wiki.dovecot.org/LDA/Sieve) and ManageSieve service
Location of the active script. When ManageSieve is used this is actually
a symlink pointing to the active script in the sieve storage directory.
#sieve=~/.dovecot.sieve
The path to the directory where the personal Sieve scripts are stored. For
ManageSieve this is where the uploaded scripts are stored.
#sieve_dir=~/sieve
}
Config files can also be included. deliver doesn’t support them currently.
#!include /etc/dovecot/conf.d/*.conf
Optional configurations, don’t give an error if it’s not found:
#!include_try /etc/dovecot/extra.conf [/code]
Bon après midi à tous.
