Bonjour à tous,
J’ai cherché sur le net de la documentation a propos de la gestion de sécurité des utilisateurs systèmes dans Debian, sans sucés.
Ma question porte sur l’interaction des comptes systèmes/applications.
Par exemple voici la liste des system users sur une machine Debian :
Chaque application à un User, pourquoi ? quels sont les psswd ? le faite qu’il y ai des user avec passwd par défault n’est-il pas une faille de sécurité système ?
Désoler de mon ignorance ^^
Non, ils n’ont pas de mot de passe, et donc pas de faille de sécurité. L’association d’un utilisateur (et non user) à une tache précise (souvent en fait un démon) permet de limiter les droits de cette tache au strcit minimum nécessaire.
Les utilisateurs «réel» (mise à part le root) sont TOUJOURS avec un UID > 1000. Et comme dit fran.b les utilisateurs applicatif n’ont pas de mot de passe et pas de shell associé ce qui bloque toute tentative d’utilisation.
Merci pour cette réponse rapide.
Je me pose alors la question, quel est la signification des informations en plus du nom dans la liste.
Par exemple :
sshd:*:16164:0:99999:7:::
sshd est le deamon
16164 ?
0 ?
99999 ?
7 ?
Sers toi du guide
$ man 5 shadow
SHADOW(5) File Formats and Conversions SHADOW(5)
NAME
shadow - shadowed password file
DESCRIPTION
shadow is a file which contains the password information for the system's accounts and optional aging information.
This file must not be readable by regular users if password security is to be maintained.
Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (“:”), in the following order:
login name
It must be a valid account name, which exist on the system.
encrypted password
Refer to crypt(3) for details on how this string is interpreted.
If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of crypt(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be
able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means).
This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some
applications which read the /etc/shadow file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty.
A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line
represent the password field before the password was locked.
date of last password change
The date of the last password change, expressed as the number of days since Jan 1, 1970.
The value 0 has a special meaning, which is that the user should change her pasword the next time she will log in the system.
An empty field means that password aging features are disabled.
minimum password age
The minimum password age is the number of days the user will have to wait before she will be allowed to change her password
again.
An empty field and value 0 mean that there are no minimum password age.
maximum password age
The maximum password age is the number of days after which the user will have to change her password.
After this number of days is elapsed, the password may still be valid. The user should be asked to change her password the next
time she will log in.
An empty field means that there are no maximum password age, no password warning period, and no password inactivity period (see
below).
If the maximum password age is lower than the minimum password age, the user cannot change her password.
password warning period
The number of days before a password is going to expire (see the maximum password age above) during which the user should be
warned.
...Merci pour les réponses.