NTLDR manque sur install Ubuntu

sda1 est en fait une partition ntfs qui couvre la totalité de l’espace disque.
Il est impossible d’installer ubuntu dans une partition ntfs.
gparted ne comprend pas non plus la situation.
Ça risque donc d’être compliqué pour testdisk, mais ce n’est que spéculation.
Seul B1-66ER pourra en dire plus.

La photo d’écran montre au contraire que Gparted comprend très bien la situation. Il affiche bien en beige l’espace occupé dans le système de fichiers NTFS, en blanc l’espace libre dans le système de fichiers NTFS et en gris l’espace à la fin de la partition qui n’appartient pas au système de fichiers NTFS parce que la partition est plus grande qu’elle devrait.

sda1 n’est pas ntfs dans sa globalité.
Les parties grise et blanche à droite sont du ext4.
A quoi correspondent les 2 point d’exclamation entre /dev/sda1 et le carré vert sur la photo ?

Ils expliquent que gparted ne comprend pas comment un bloc “supposé” ext4 pourrait se retrouver écrit à l’intérieur d’une partition sda1 ntfs qui occupe la totalité du disque, de taille 465Go.
Si tu avais initialement une partition sda1 windows, sda2 Ubuntu Mate, puis sda3 Ubuntu “Buggie”, si je compte bien, ça devrait faire 3 partitions.
C’est ça que testdisk doit démêler, mais je crains que…

Pure fantaisie. Gparted ne suppose rien du tout et se moque bien de ce qui se trouve à la fin de la partition. Ce n’est pas son problème. Son seul problème éventuellement, c’est que la partition est plus grande que la taille déclarée dans les méta-données NTFS.

A part la contradiction perpétuelle, tu aimes quoi ?
Qui a dit que gparted “suppose” une partition ext 4 ?
Je, tu, ils supposent que lorsqu’on installe ubuntu par défaut, la partition ubuntu sera “supposée” ext4 (bordel quoi…).
Gparted te dit juste qu’il ne comprend pas cette partition unique sda1 sur le disque.
Typiquement encore un sujet qui va devenir un sujet sur un mois de débat stérile.
Et tout ça pour ubuntu “buggie”.

Salut

Ca ressemble fortement à un souci que j’ai déjà eu (justement, suite à une installation d’ubuntu-budgie).

Vérifie l’ordre d’amorçage des disques dans le BIOS: J’irais bien parier que ton installation n’est pas faite sur ce disque ne comprenant qu’une partition NTFS mais sur un second disque et ton BIOS pousse l’amorçage sur ce disque au lieu de celui sur lequel ton système est installé (sans doute vu comme sdb par ton système).

Si ton BIOS voit bien les 2 disques, tu n’auras qu’à modifier la priorité des disques (ta partition NTFS ayant un flag de boot, si elle est en 1er sur la priorité de disques, elle va monopoliser l’amorçage et faire que ça coince).

Sinon, il suffit de débrancher puis rebrancher le cable SATA de ton disque système (EDIT: machine éteinte, évidemment … ) pour qu’il soit vu de nouveau par ton BIOS et ça repart.

Salut choops,
Bienvenue dans la discussion.
Bon, j’ai fais une analyse du disque avec testdisk, un rapport s’était enregistré dans les documents mais en voulant le poster sur le forum, la session live a planté… chuis bon pour remettre ça demain soir…
Grosso modo il avait trouvé des trucs (Linux/swap) mais il disait qu’il ne pouvait rien faire je crois.
Je poste le rapport demain.
@choops Si rien n’y fait, je regarderais cette piste du BIOS.
Merci !

Comme je maîtrise pas grand chose et encore moins les paramètres du BIOS :20191202_150352

20191202_150301

20191202_150338

20191202_150326

Ton BIOS ne voit qu’un disque dur qui est connecté au port SATA1.
A son petit nom, je dirais que c’est un disque à plateaux SEAGATE de 500G correspondant à ce qui était vu par gparted.
Si tu as un autre disque dur où était installé ton ubuntu-mate et où est maintenant installé ton ubuntu-budgie (ce qui est vachement vraisemblable à l’historique de ce fil), il te suffit d’éteindre ta machine, de l’ouvrir et de débrancher puis rebrancher le cable SATA de ce disque avant de redémarrer.
(Comme je le disais, ça ressemble très fortement à ce que j’avais vécu avec ubuntu-budgie)

@choops Non, c’est un même et seul disque. MATE était installé sur la partie blanche et j’ai voulu installer Budgie sur la partie grise. Avec le temps je pense que cette partition n’était pas “prête” pour une install (formatage en EXT).

Voici le rapport de testdisk :

Mon Dec  2 14:12:54 2019
Command line: TestDisk

TestDisk 7.0, Data Recovery Utility, April 2015
Christophe GRENIER <grenier@cgsecurity.org>
http://www.cgsecurity.org
OS: Linux, kernel 4.15.0-29-generic (#31-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 17 15:39:52 UTC 2018) x86_64
Compiler: GCC 7.2
ext2fs lib: 1.44.1, ntfs lib: libntfs-3g, reiserfs lib: none, ewf lib: none, curses lib: ncurses 6.0
/dev/sda: LBA, HPA, LBA48, DCO support
/dev/sda: size       976773168 sectors
/dev/sda: user_max   976773168 sectors
/dev/sda: native_max 976773168 sectors
/dev/sda: dco        976773168 sectors
Warning: can't get size for Disk /dev/mapper/control - 0 B - 0 sectors, sector size=512
Hard disk list
Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - CHS 60801 255 63, sector size=512 - ST3500418AS, S/N:9VMRDWR3, FW:CC38
Disk /dev/sdb - 7798 MB / 7437 MiB - CHS 1023 240 62, sector size=512 - SanDisk Cruzer Blade, FW:1.00

Partition table type (auto): Intel
Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - ST3500418AS
Partition table type: Intel

Analyse Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - CHS 60801 255 63
Geometry from i386 MBR: head=255 sector=63
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 83
Current partition structure:
No ext2, JFS, Reiser, cramfs or XFS marker
 1 * Linux                    0  32 33 60801  47 46  976769024
 1 * Linux                    0  32 33 60801  47 46  976769024

search_part()
Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - CHS 60801 255 63
NTFS at 0/32/33
filesystem size           810641401
sectors_per_cluster       8
mft_lcn                   786432
mftmirr_lcn               54648109
clusters_per_mft_record   -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
     HPFS - NTFS              0  32 33 50460  56 21  810641401
     NTFS, blocksize=4096, 415 GB / 386 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/206, s_mnt_count=51/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6769664
recover_EXT2: part_size 54157312
     Linux                50460  56 29 53831  91 20   54157312
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB, 27 GB / 25 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/427, s_mnt_count=1/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

Results
   * HPFS - NTFS              0  32 33 50460  56 28  810641408
     NTFS, blocksize=4096, 415 GB / 386 GiB
   P Linux                50460  56 29 53831  91 20   54157312
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB, 27 GB / 25 GiB
   P Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

Hint for advanced users. dmsetup may be used if you prefer to avoid to rewrite the partition table for the moment:
echo "0 810641408 linear /dev/sda 2048" | dmsetup create test0
echo "0 54157312 linear /dev/sda 810643456" | dmsetup create test1
echo "0 111972352 linear /dev/sda 864800768" | dmsetup create test2

interface_write()
 1 * HPFS - NTFS              0  32 33 50460  56 28  810641408
 2 P Linux                50460  56 29 53831  91 20   54157312
 3 P Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352

search_part()
Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - CHS 60801 255 63
NTFS at 0/32/33
filesystem size           810641401
sectors_per_cluster       8
mft_lcn                   786432
mftmirr_lcn               54648109
clusters_per_mft_record   -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
     HPFS - NTFS              0  32 33 50460  56 21  810641401
     NTFS, blocksize=4096, 415 GB / 386 GiB
NTFS at 50460/56/28
filesystem size           810641401
sectors_per_cluster       8
mft_lcn                   786432
mftmirr_lcn               54648109
clusters_per_mft_record   -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
     HPFS - NTFS              0  32 40 50460  56 28  810641401
     NTFS found using backup sector, blocksize=4096, 415 GB / 386 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/206, s_mnt_count=51/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6769664
recover_EXT2: part_size 54157312
     Linux                50460  56 29 53831  91 20   54157312
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB, 27 GB / 25 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/192, s_mnt_count=656/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 1

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 3

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 98304 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=3/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 5

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 163840 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=5/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 7

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 229376 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=7/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 9

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 294912 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=9/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 25

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 819200 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=25/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 27

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 884736 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=27/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 49

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 1605632 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=49/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 81

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 2654208 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=81/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/192, s_mnt_count=656/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                52045 247 43 55188 168 20   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 25 GB / 24 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/192, s_mnt_count=656/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                52050 175 30 55193  96  7   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 25 GB / 24 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/192, s_mnt_count=656/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                52052 218  7 55195 138 47   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 25 GB / 24 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/192, s_mnt_count=656/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                52053  93  9 55196  13 49   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 25 GB / 24 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/192, s_mnt_count=655/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                52054 195 46 55197 116 23   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 25 GB / 24 GiB

block_group_nr 125

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 4096000 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=125/192, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 6310912
recover_EXT2: part_size 50487296
     Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 25 GB / 24 GiB
     Linux Swap           53603  42  8 53831  91  4    3665904
     SWAP2 version 1, pagesize=4096, 1876 MB / 1789 MiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/427, s_mnt_count=1/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 1

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 3

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 98304 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=3/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 5

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 163840 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=5/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 7

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 229376 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=7/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 9

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 294912 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=9/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 25

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 819200 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=25/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 27

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 884736 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=27/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 49

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 1605632 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=49/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 81

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 2654208 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=81/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/427, s_mnt_count=84/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                55676 103 44 62646  92 38  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 57 GB / 53 GiB
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=894441472, size=111972352, end=1006413823, disk end=976773168)

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/427, s_mnt_count=84/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                55679  86 24 62649  75 18  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 57 GB / 53 GiB
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=894488576, size=111972352, end=1006460927, disk end=976773168)

recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/427, s_mnt_count=84/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                55680 188 61 62650 177 55  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 57 GB / 53 GiB
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=894511104, size=111972352, end=1006483455, disk end=976773168)

block_group_nr 125

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 4096000 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=125/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 243

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 7962624 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=243/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB

block_group_nr 343

recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 11239424 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=343/427, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 13996544
recover_EXT2: part_size 111972352
     Linux                53831  91 21 60801  80 15  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 57 GB / 53 GiB
NTFS at 60800/254/63
filesystem size           874369755
sectors_per_cluster       8
mft_lcn                   786432
mftmirr_lcn               54648109
clusters_per_mft_record   -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
     HPFS - NTFS           6374   0  1 60800 254 63  874369755
     NTFS found using backup sector, blocksize=4096, 447 GB / 416 GiB
NTFS at 60800/254/63
filesystem size           874369755
sectors_per_cluster       8
mft_lcn                   786432
mftmirr_lcn               54648109
clusters_per_mft_record   -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
NTFS: Can't read MFT
     HPFS - NTFS          60800 254 63 115227 254 62  874369755
     NTFS, blocksize=4096, 447 GB / 416 GiB
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=976768064, size=874369755, end=1851137818, disk end=976773168)
NTFS at 60801/47/46
filesystem size           976359424
sectors_per_cluster       8
mft_lcn                   786432
mftmirr_lcn               2
clusters_per_mft_record   -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
     HPFS - NTFS             25 159  7 60801  47 46  976359424
     NTFS found using backup sector, blocksize=4096, 499 GB / 465 GiB
NTFS at 0/32/33
filesystem size           810641401
sectors_per_cluster       8
mft_lcn                   786432
mftmirr_lcn               54648109
clusters_per_mft_record   -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - CHS 60801 255 63
Check the harddisk size: HD jumpers settings, BIOS detection...
The harddisk (500 GB / 465 GiB) seems too small! (< 947 GB / 882 GiB)
The following partitions can't be recovered:
     Linux                55676 103 44 62646  92 38  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 57 GB / 53 GiB
     Linux                55679  86 24 62649  75 18  111972352
     ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover,
TestDisk 7.0, Data Recovery Utility, April 2015
Christophe GRENIER <grenier@cgsecurity.org>
http://www.cgsecurity.org

Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - CHS 60801 255 63

The harddisk (500 GB / 465 GiB) seems too small! (< 947 GB / 882 GiB)
Check the harddisk size: HD jumpers settings, BIOS detection...

The following partitions can't be recovered:
     Partition               Start        End    Size in sectors
>  Linux                55676 103 44 62646  92 38  111972352
   Linux                55679  86 24 62649  75 18  111972352
   Linux                55680 188 61 62650 177 55  111972352
   HPFS - NTFS          60800 254 63 115227 254 62  874369755

[ Continue ]
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 57 GB / 53 GiB

Et en cliquant [ Continue ]

TestDisk 7.0, Data Recovery Utility, April 2015
Christophe GRENIER <grenier@cgsecurity.org>
http://www.cgsecurity.org

Disk /dev/sda - 500 GB / 465 GiB - CHS 60801 255 63
     Partition               Start        End    Size in sectors
>D HPFS - NTFS              0  32 33 50460  56 28  810641408
 D HPFS - NTFS              0  32 40 50460  56 28  810641401
 D HPFS - NTFS             25 159  7 60801  47 46  976359424
 D HPFS - NTFS           6374   0  1 60800 254 63  874369755
 D Linux                50460  56 29 53831  91 20   54157312
 D Linux                50460  88 61 53603   9 38   50487296
 D Linux                52045 247 43 55188 168 20   50487296
 D Linux                52050 175 30 55193  96  7   50487296
 D Linux                52052 218  7 55195 138 47   50487296
 D Linux                52053  93  9 55196  13 49   50487296
 D Linux                52054 195 46 55197 116 23   50487296
 D Linux Swap           53603  42  8 53831  91 20    3665920
Structure: Ok.  Use Up/Down Arrow keys to select partition.
Use Left/Right Arrow keys to CHANGE partition characteristics:
*=Primary bootable  P=Primary  L=Logical  E=Extended  D=Deleted
Keys A: add partition, L: load backup, T: change type, P: list files,
     Enter: to continue
NTFS, blocksize=4096, 415 GB / 386 GiB

Que faut-il faire ensuite ?
Merci…

Le compte est bon:

Plus qu’à prier très fort avant d’accepter cette proposition de table de partitions.
Si table de partitions OK, il restera ensuite à réécrire le boot-loader dans le MBR.

Bon, il me dit qu’il trouve rien… va falloir que je me fasse à l’idée de tout avoir perdu… ou pas !
J’étais allé dans une asso Linux près de chez moi, je vais probablement y retourner pour voir si il y a pas un spécialiste qui traîne parmi eux.
Je vais m’acheter un SSD pour faire tourner le PC et laisser le disque dur tranquille en attendant.

Comment ça, il ne trouve rien ?

La première proposition de testdisk, citée par @Verner, me semble sensée.
En revanche je ne comprends pas les délires ultérieurs de testdisk.
Je ne comprends pas non plus qu’il utilise encore les coordonnées CHS (obsolètes et illisibles) au lieu des coordonnées LBA. Heureusement il affiche les coordonnées LBA de début dans la proposition suivante :

echo "0 810641408 linear /dev/sda 2048" | dmsetup create test0
echo "0 54157312 linear /dev/sda 810643456" | dmsetup create test1
echo "0 111972352 linear /dev/sda 864800768" | dmsetup create test2

Pour chaque partition le premier nombre est la taille en secteurs et le second la position du secteur de début. Ces informations permettent de recréer les partitions à la main avec fdisk, ou, mieux, sfdisk.
Si tu peux fournir la sortie de

sfdisk -d /dev/sda

je peux te refaire une table de partition avec les trois partitions.

Bon, je n’étais pas allé assez loin. On progresse.
Au redémarrage NTLDR manque a disparu au profit du curseur clignotant en haut à gauche sur écran noir.
Redémarrage sur une session Live.
On voit
Volume de 28Go /dev/sda1 (error mounting)
Volume de 57Go /dev/sda2 (Vide)

Retour
sudo fdisk -d /dev/sda
fdisk : option invalide --'d'