Hello, après plusieurs semaines à faire des tests et lire docs, je suis arrivé à une configuration qui me semble propre et que je projette de passer en prod.
Tout est fonctionnel, ça répond bien, ça fait exactement ce que je veux et comme je le veux. J’ai passé un coup de lynis aussi pour complément d’audit et pour finir, j’accouche de la configuration suivante, basée sur : postfix - mysql - dovecot - rspamd - clamav - postscreen - sieve - redis.
Tout est protégé derrière des règles nftables, couplé à fail2ban qui veille (postfix, dovecot, etc…).
Côté DNS, tout est fait pour SPF, Dmarc, DKIM pour ce que j’émets.
Je souhaiterais connaître votre avis sur ma conf finale, y-a-t’il des choses à améliorer ? Des erreurs que je n’aurais pas vu ?
Merci pour vos retours (je ne mets pour le coup que la partie postfix, sinon il faudrait un tuto complet pour tout le reste) :
main.cf :
smtp_tls_loglevel = 1
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3
smtp_tls_mandatory_ciphers = high
smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers = aNULL, eNULL, EXPORT, DES, 3DES, RC2, RC4, MD5, PSK, SRP, DSS, AECDH, ADH
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3
smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = high
smtpd_tls_eecdh_grade = strong
smtpd_tls_CAfile = $smtp_tls_CAfile
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/cert_global_domaine/fullchain.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/cert_global_domaine/privkey.pem
smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file = $config_directory/dh4096.pem
smtpd_tls_dh512_param_file = $config_directory/dh512.pem
tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes
tls_ssl_options = no_ticket, no_compression
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname
smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes
tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
lmtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/lmtp_scache
#smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU)
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP
compatibility_level = 2
biff = no
append_dot_mydomain = no
readme_directory = no
delay_warning_time = 4h
mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION"
recipient_delimiter = +
disable_vrfy_command = yes
show_user_unknown_table_name = no
message_size_limit = 4096000
mailbox_size_limit = 0
allow_percent_hack = no
swap_bangpath = no
smtpd_helo_required = yes
strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes
myhostname = mail.domaine.org
mydomain = domaine.org
myorigin = $myhostname
mydestination = $myhostname, mail, localhost.localdomain, localhost
notify_classes = bounce, delay, resource, software
error_notice_recipient = root
delay_notice_recipient = root
bounce_notice_recipient = root
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
relayhost =
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000
virtual_minimum_uid = 5000
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mail
virtual_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-mailbox-domains.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-mailbox-maps.cf
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-alias-maps.cf
#### RSPAMD ####
policyd-spf_time_limit = 3600s
milter_protocol = 6
milter_default_action = accept
smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:11332
non_smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:11332
milter_mail_macros = i {mail_addr} {client_addr} {client_name} {auth_authen}
#### POSTSCREEN ####
postscreen_access_list = permit_mynetworks, cidr:/etc/postfix/postscreen_access.cidr
postscreen_blacklist_action = drop
postscreen_dnsbl_sites =
zen.spamhaus.org*2,
all.s5h.net,
# bl.spamcop.net,
# b.barracudacentral.org*2
postscreen_dnsbl_threshold = 3
postscreen_dnsbl_action = drop
#### RESTRICTIONS ####
smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
permit_sasl_authenticated,
reject_non_fqdn_recipient,
reject_unauth_destination,
reject_unknown_recipient_domain,
smtpd_helo_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
permit_sasl_authenticated,
reject_invalid_helo_hostname,
reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname,
reject_unknown_helo_hostname,
reject_unauth_pipelining
smtpd_client_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
permit_sasl_authenticated,
permit_inet_interfaces,
reject_plaintext_session,
reject_unknown_reverse_client_hostname,
reject_unauth_pipelining
smtpd_sender_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
permit_sasl_authenticated,
check_policy_service unix:private/policyd-spf,
reject_sender_login_mismatch,
reject_unauth_destination,
reject_unknown_sender_domain,
reject_unlisted_sender,
reject_non_fqdn_sender,
reject_unauth_pipelining
smtpd_relay_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
permit_sasl_authenticated,
reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_data_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
permit_sasl_authenticated,
reject_multi_recipient_bounce,
reject_unauth_pipelining
master.cf:
#
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master" or
# on-line: http://www.postfix.org/master.5.html).
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (no) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
#smtp inet n - y - - smtpd
smtp inet n - y - 1 postscreen
smtpd pass - - y - - smtpd
dnsblog unix - - y - 0 dnsblog
tlsproxy unix - - y - 0 tlsproxy
submission inet n - y - - smtpd
-o syslog_name=postfix/submission
-o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
# -o smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file=${config_directory}/dh4096.pem
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
# -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
# -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
# -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
smtps inet n - y - - smtpd
-o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
-o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
# -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
# -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
# -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
# -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - y - - qmqpd
pickup unix n - y 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - y - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr unix n - n 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - y 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - y - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - y - 0 bounce
defer unix - - y - 0 bounce
trace unix - - y - 0 bounce
verify unix - - y - 1 verify
flush unix n - y 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - y - - smtp
relay unix - - y - - smtp
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - y - - showq
error unix - - y - - error
retry unix - - y - - error
discard unix - - y - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - y - - lmtp
anvil unix - - y - 1 anvil
scache unix - - y - 1 scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
# lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
# mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
# virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
#cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
policyd-spf unix - n n - - spawn
user=nobody argv=/usr/bin/policyd-spf
Concernant les protocoles et ciphers, je sais qu’on peut faire plus secure, mais il faut quand même garder la tête froide et avoir à l’esprit qu’il y a encore pas mal de vieux devices sur le marché, que les OS ne sont pas forcément à jour et qu’il y a beaucoup de clients mails différents et encore utilisés.
Je pars donc du principe que sur le mailing il faut être plus permissif que sur du HTTP, où là, on peut encourage/forcer plus facilement l’utilisateur à migrer sur un OS/Navigateur récent (et là par contre, concernant le choix des protocoles et ciphers, je vise le A+ pour mes serveurs web sur sslabs, à titre de comparaison).
N’hésitez pas à commenter, poser vos questions.
Cette conf est basée sur Debian 10 et s’adresse à un serveur de mail ouvert au publique (j’ai pour le moment 16000 comptes, mais il y en aura 20000 à terme).
Ça tourne sur une VM avec 8G de RAM et 4 vcpus de 3.3 ghz, sur un hyperviseur KVM.